Microphone techniques (the selection and placement of microphones) have a major influence on the audio quality of a sound reinforcement system. For reinforcement of musical instruments, there are several main objectives of microphone techniques: to maximize pick-up of suitable sound from the desired instrument, to minimize pick-up of undesired sound from instruments or other sound sources, and to provide sufficient gain-before-feedback.
“Suitable” sound from the desired instrument may mean either the natural sound of the instrument or some particular sound quality which is appropriate for the application.
“Undesired” sound may mean the direct or ambient sound from other nearby instruments or just stage and background noise. “Sufficient” gain-before-feedback means that the desired instrument is reinforced at the required level without ringing or feedback in the sound system.
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